Overlay system

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/ThreadedWindow.cs

@@ -41,5 +41,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
         public void SetScalingFilterLevel(float level) { }
 
         public void SetColorSpacePassthrough(bool colorSpacePassthroughEnabled) { }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the underlying implementation window for direct access
+        /// </summary>
+        public IWindow BaseWindow => _impl.Window;
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/ControllerOverlay.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using OriginalInputConfig = Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.InputConfig;
+using OriginalPlayerIndex = Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.PlayerIndex;
+using OriginalInputBackendType = Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.InputBackendType;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Controller overlay that shows controller bindings matching the original AXAML design
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ControllerOverlay : Overlay
+    {
+        private const float OverlayWidth = 400;
+        private const float Padding = 24;
+        private const float Spacing = 16;
+        private const float PlayerSpacing = 12;
+        private const float PlayerRowHeight = 32;
+        
+        private const float TitleTextSize = 25;
+        private const float PlayerTextSize = 22;
+
+        private float _lifespan = 0f;
+
+        public ControllerOverlay() : base("ControllerOverlay")
+        {
+            CreateBaseElements();
+        }
+
+        private void CreateBaseElements()
+        {
+            // Main background container
+            var background = new RectangleElement(0, 0, OverlayWidth, 200, // Dynamic height will be set later
+                new SKColor(0, 0, 0, 224)) // #E0000000
+            {
+                Name = "Background",
+                CornerRadius = 12,
+                BorderColor = new SKColor(255, 255, 255, 64), // #40FFFFFF
+                BorderWidth = 1
+            };
+            AddElement(background);
+
+            // Title text
+            var titleText = new TextElement(Padding + 30, Padding, "Controller Bindings", TitleTextSize, SKColors.White)
+            {
+                Name = "TitleText",
+                FontStyle = SKFontStyle.Bold
+            };
+            AddElement(titleText);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Show controller bindings matching the original AXAML implementation
+        /// </summary>
+        public void ShowControllerBindings(List<OriginalInputConfig> inputConfigs, int durationSeconds = 3)
+        {
+            // Reset lifespan and opacity
+            _lifespan = durationSeconds;
+
+            // Clear existing player bindings
+            ClearPlayerBindings();
+
+            // Debug: Log input data
+            // Group controllers by player index
+            var playerBindings = new Dictionary<OriginalPlayerIndex, List<OriginalInputConfig>>();
+
+            foreach (var config in inputConfigs.Where(c => c.PlayerIndex <= OriginalPlayerIndex.Player4))
+            {
+                Console.WriteLine($"ControllerOverlay: Config for Player {config.PlayerIndex}: {config.Name} ({config.Backend})");
+                if (!playerBindings.ContainsKey(config.PlayerIndex))
+                {
+                    playerBindings[config.PlayerIndex] = new List<OriginalInputConfig>();
+                }
+                playerBindings[config.PlayerIndex].Add(config);
+            }
+
+            float currentY = Padding + 40; // After title
+
+            // Add player bindings to UI
+            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+            {
+                var playerIndex = (OriginalPlayerIndex)i;
+                float rowY = currentY + (i * (PlayerRowHeight + PlayerSpacing));
+
+                // Player number with colored background (circular badge)
+                var playerColor = GetPlayerColor(i);
+                var playerBadge = new RectangleElement(Padding, rowY, 24, 20, playerColor)
+                {
+                    Name = $"PlayerBadge_{i}",
+                    CornerRadius = 12
+                };
+                AddElement(playerBadge);
+
+                // Player number text
+                var playerLabel = new TextElement(Padding + 12, rowY + 2, $"P{i + 1}", PlayerTextSize, SKColors.White)
+                {
+                    Name = $"PlayerLabel_{i}",
+                    FontStyle = SKFontStyle.Bold,
+                    TextAlign = SKTextAlign.Center
+                };
+                AddElement(playerLabel);
+
+                // Controller info
+                if (playerBindings.ContainsKey(playerIndex))
+                {
+                    var controllers = playerBindings[playerIndex];
+                    var controllerNames = controllers.Select(c => GetControllerDisplayName(c)).ToList();
+
+                    var controllerText = new TextElement(Padding + 56, rowY + 2, string.Join(", ", controllerNames), PlayerTextSize, new SKColor(144, 238, 144)) // LightGreen
+                    {
+                        Name = $"ControllerText_{i}",
+                        FontStyle = SKFontStyle.Bold
+                    };
+                    AddElement(controllerText);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    var noControllerText = new TextElement(Padding + 56, rowY + 2, "No controller assigned", PlayerTextSize, new SKColor(128, 128, 128)) // Gray
+                    {
+                        Name = $"NoControllerText_{i}",
+                        FontStyle = SKFontStyle.Italic
+                    };
+                    AddElement(noControllerText);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Calculate total height and update background
+            float totalHeight = Padding + 40 + (4 * (PlayerRowHeight + PlayerSpacing)) + Padding + 40; // Extra space for duration text
+            var background = FindElement<RectangleElement>("Background");
+            if (background != null)
+            {
+                background.Height = totalHeight;
+            }
+
+            // Duration text at bottom
+            string durationText = durationSeconds == 1
+                ? "This overlay will disappear in 1 second"
+                : $"This overlay will disappear in {durationSeconds} seconds";
+
+            // Show the overlay (position will be set by Window class with actual dimensions)
+            IsVisible = true;
+        }
+
+        private static SKColor GetPlayerColor(int playerIndex)
+        {
+            return playerIndex switch
+            {
+                0 => new SKColor(255, 92, 92),   // Red for Player 1
+                1 => new SKColor(54, 162, 235),  // Blue for Player 2  
+                2 => new SKColor(255, 206, 84),  // Yellow for Player 3
+                3 => new SKColor(75, 192, 192),  // Green for Player 4
+                _ => new SKColor(128, 128, 128)  // Gray fallback
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static string GetControllerDisplayName(OriginalInputConfig config)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(config.Name))
+            {
+                return config.Backend switch
+                {
+                    OriginalInputBackendType.WindowKeyboard => "Keyboard",
+                    OriginalInputBackendType.GamepadSDL2 => "Controller",
+                    _ => "Unknown"
+                };
+            }
+
+            // Truncate long controller names
+            string name = config.Name;
+            if (name.Length > 25)
+            {
+                name = name.Substring(0, 22) + "...";
+            }
+
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Clear all player bindings
+        /// </summary>
+        private void ClearPlayerBindings()
+        {
+            var elementsToRemove = new List<OverlayElement>();
+
+            foreach (var element in GetElements())
+            {
+                if (element.Name.StartsWith("PlayerBadge_") ||
+                    element.Name.StartsWith("PlayerLabel_") ||
+                    element.Name.StartsWith("ControllerText_") ||
+                    element.Name.StartsWith("NoControllerText_"))
+                {
+                    elementsToRemove.Add(element);
+                }
+            }
+
+            foreach (var element in elementsToRemove)
+            {
+                RemoveElement(element);
+                element.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Update overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public override void Update(float deltaTime, SKSize screenSize)
+        {
+            _lifespan -= deltaTime;
+            
+            if (_lifespan <= 0)
+            {
+                IsVisible = false;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_lifespan <= 0.5f)
+            {
+                // Fade out during the last 0.5 seconds
+                Opacity = _lifespan / 0.5f;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Opacity = 1;
+            }
+
+            // Update position if screen size is provided
+            if (screenSize.Width > 0 && screenSize.Height > 0)
+            {
+                SetPositionToTopRight(screenSize.Width, screenSize.Height);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Position overlay to top-right matching original AXAML positioning
+        /// </summary>
+        public void SetPositionToTopRight(float screenWidth, float screenHeight)
+        {
+            X = screenWidth - OverlayWidth - 20; // 20px margin from right
+            Y = 50; // 50px margin from top
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/ImageElement.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Image overlay element
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ImageElement : OverlayElement
+    {
+        private SKBitmap? _bitmap;
+        private byte[]? _imageData;
+        private string? _imagePath;
+
+        public SKFilterQuality FilterQuality { get; set; } = SKFilterQuality.Medium;
+        public bool MaintainAspectRatio { get; set; } = true;
+
+        public ImageElement()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public ImageElement(float x, float y, float width, float height, byte[] imageData)
+        {
+            X = x;
+            Y = y;
+            Width = width;
+            Height = height;
+            SetImageData(imageData);
+        }
+
+        public ImageElement(float x, float y, float width, float height, string imagePath)
+        {
+            X = x;
+            Y = y;
+            Width = width;
+            Height = height;
+            SetImagePath(imagePath);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Set image from byte array
+        /// </summary>
+        public void SetImageData(byte[] imageData)
+        {
+            _imageData = imageData;
+            _imagePath = null;
+            LoadBitmap();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Set image from file path
+        /// </summary>
+        public void SetImagePath(string imagePath)
+        {
+            _imagePath = imagePath;
+            _imageData = null;
+            LoadBitmap();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Set image from existing SKBitmap
+        /// </summary>
+        public void SetBitmap(SKBitmap bitmap)
+        {
+            _bitmap?.Dispose();
+            _bitmap = bitmap;
+            _imageData = null;
+            _imagePath = null;
+        }
+
+        private void LoadBitmap()
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                _bitmap?.Dispose();
+                _bitmap = null;
+
+                if (_imageData != null)
+                {
+                    _bitmap = SKBitmap.Decode(_imageData);
+                }
+                else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_imagePath))
+                {
+                    _bitmap = SKBitmap.Decode(_imagePath);
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine($"Failed to load image: {ex.Message}");
+                _bitmap = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override void Render(SKCanvas canvas, float globalOpacity = 1.0f)
+        {
+            if (!IsVisible || _bitmap == null || Width <= 0 || Height <= 0)
+                return;
+
+            float effectiveOpacity = Opacity * globalOpacity;
+
+            using var paint = new SKPaint
+            {
+                FilterQuality = FilterQuality,
+                Color = SKColors.White.WithAlpha((byte)(255 * effectiveOpacity))
+            };
+
+            var sourceRect = new SKRect(0, 0, _bitmap.Width, _bitmap.Height);
+            var destRect = new SKRect(X, Y, X + Width, Y + Height);
+
+            if (MaintainAspectRatio)
+            {
+                // Calculate aspect ratio preserving destination rectangle
+                float sourceAspect = (float)_bitmap.Width / _bitmap.Height;
+                float destAspect = Width / Height;
+
+                if (sourceAspect > destAspect)
+                {
+                    // Source is wider, fit to width
+                    float newHeight = Width / sourceAspect;
+                    float yOffset = (Height - newHeight) / 2;
+                    destRect = new SKRect(X, Y + yOffset, X + Width, Y + yOffset + newHeight);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    // Source is taller, fit to height
+                    float newWidth = Height * sourceAspect;
+                    float xOffset = (Width - newWidth) / 2;
+                    destRect = new SKRect(X + xOffset, Y, X + xOffset + newWidth, Y + Height);
+                }
+            }
+
+            canvas.DrawBitmap(_bitmap, sourceRect, destRect, paint);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
+        {
+            if (disposing)
+            {
+                _bitmap?.Dispose();
+                _bitmap = null;
+            }
+            base.Dispose(disposing);
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/Overlay.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Base overlay class containing multiple elements
+    /// </summary>
+    public abstract class Overlay : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly List<OverlayElement> _elements = new();
+
+        public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+        public bool IsVisible { get; set; } = true;
+        public float Opacity { get; set; } = 1.0f;
+        public float X { get; set; }
+        public float Y { get; set; }
+        public int ZIndex { get; set; } = 0;
+
+        public Overlay()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public Overlay(string name)
+        {
+            Name = name;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Add an element to this overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public void AddElement(OverlayElement element)
+        {
+            _elements.Add(element);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Remove an element from this overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public void RemoveElement(OverlayElement element)
+        {
+            _elements.Remove(element);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get all elements
+        /// </summary>
+        public IReadOnlyList<OverlayElement> GetElements()
+        {
+            return _elements.AsReadOnly();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Find element by name
+        /// </summary>
+        public T FindElement<T>(string name) where T : OverlayElement
+        {
+            return _elements.OfType<T>().FirstOrDefault(e => e.Name == name);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Clear all elements
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            foreach (var element in _elements)
+            {
+                element.Dispose();
+            }
+            _elements.Clear();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Update overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public abstract void Update(float deltaTime, SKSize screenSize = default);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Render this overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Render(SKCanvas canvas)
+        {
+            if (!IsVisible || Opacity <= 0.0f)
+                return;
+
+            // Save canvas state
+            canvas.Save();
+
+            // Apply overlay position offset
+            if (X != 0 || Y != 0)
+            {
+                canvas.Translate(X, Y);
+            }
+
+            // Render all elements
+            foreach (var element in _elements)
+            {
+                if (element.IsVisible)
+                {
+                    element.Render(canvas, Opacity);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Restore canvas state
+            canvas.Restore();
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Clear();
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/OverlayElement.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Base class for all overlay elements
+    /// </summary>
+    public abstract class OverlayElement : IDisposable
+    {
+        public float X { get; set; }
+        public float Y { get; set; }
+        public float Width { get; set; }
+        public float Height { get; set; }
+        public bool IsVisible { get; set; } = true;
+        public float Opacity { get; set; } = 1.0f;
+        public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Render this element to the canvas
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="canvas">The canvas to draw on</param>
+        /// <param name="globalOpacity">Global opacity multiplier</param>
+        public abstract void Render(SKCanvas canvas, float globalOpacity = 1.0f);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Check if a point is within this element's bounds
+        /// </summary>
+        public virtual bool Contains(float x, float y)
+        {
+            return x >= X && x <= X + Width && y >= Y && y <= Y + Height;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get the bounds of this element
+        /// </summary>
+        public SKRect GetBounds()
+        {
+            return new SKRect(X, Y, X + Width, Y + Height);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Apply opacity to a color
+        /// </summary>
+        protected SKColor ApplyOpacity(SKColor color, float opacity)
+        {
+            return color.WithAlpha((byte)(color.Alpha * opacity));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Dispose of resources
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Dispose(true);
+            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Dispose of resources
+        /// </summary>
+        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
+        {
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/OverlayManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Manages multiple overlays and handles rendering
+    /// </summary>
+    public class OverlayManager : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly List<Overlay> _overlays = new();
+        private readonly object _lock = new();
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Add an overlay to the manager
+        /// </summary>
+        public void AddOverlay(Overlay overlay)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                _overlays.Add(overlay);
+                SortOverlays();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Remove an overlay from the manager
+        /// </summary>
+        public void RemoveOverlay(Overlay overlay)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                _overlays.Remove(overlay);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Remove overlay by name
+        /// </summary>
+        public void RemoveOverlay(string name)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                var overlay = _overlays.FirstOrDefault(o => o.Name == name);
+                if (overlay != null)
+                {
+                    _overlays.Remove(overlay);
+                    overlay.Dispose();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Find overlay by name
+        /// </summary>
+        public Overlay FindOverlay(string name)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                return _overlays.FirstOrDefault(o => o.Name == name);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get all overlays
+        /// </summary>
+        public IReadOnlyList<Overlay> GetOverlays()
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                return _overlays.AsReadOnly();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Clear all overlays
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Clear()
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                foreach (var overlay in _overlays)
+                {
+                    overlay.Dispose();
+                }
+                _overlays.Clear();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Update all overlays (for animations)
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Update(float deltaTime, SKSize screenSize = default)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                foreach (var overlay in _overlays.Where(o => o.IsVisible))
+                {
+                    overlay.Update(deltaTime, screenSize);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Render all visible overlays
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Render(SKCanvas canvas)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                foreach (var overlay in _overlays.Where(o => o.IsVisible && o.Opacity > 0.0f))
+                {
+                    overlay.Render(canvas);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sort overlays by Z-index
+        /// </summary>
+        private void SortOverlays()
+        {
+            _overlays.Sort((a, b) => a.ZIndex.CompareTo(b.ZIndex));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Show overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public void ShowOverlay(string name)
+        {
+            var overlay = FindOverlay(name);
+            if (overlay != null)
+            {
+                overlay.IsVisible = true;
+                overlay.Opacity = 1.0f;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Hide overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        public void HideOverlay(string name)
+        {
+            var overlay = FindOverlay(name);
+            if (overlay != null)
+            {
+                overlay.IsVisible = false;
+                overlay.Opacity = 0.0f;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Clear();
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/RectangleElement.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Rectangle overlay element
+    /// </summary>
+    public class RectangleElement : OverlayElement
+    {
+        public SKColor BackgroundColor { get; set; } = SKColors.Transparent;
+        public SKColor BorderColor { get; set; } = SKColors.Transparent;
+        public float BorderWidth { get; set; } = 0;
+        public float CornerRadius { get; set; } = 0;
+
+        public RectangleElement()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public RectangleElement(float x, float y, float width, float height, SKColor backgroundColor)
+        {
+            X = x;
+            Y = y;
+            Width = width;
+            Height = height;
+            BackgroundColor = backgroundColor;
+        }
+
+        public override void Render(SKCanvas canvas, float globalOpacity = 1.0f)
+        {
+            if (!IsVisible || Width <= 0 || Height <= 0)
+                return;
+
+            float effectiveOpacity = Opacity * globalOpacity;
+            var bounds = new SKRect(X, Y, X + Width, Y + Height);
+
+            // Draw background
+            if (BackgroundColor.Alpha > 0)
+            {
+                using var backgroundPaint = new SKPaint
+                {
+                    Color = ApplyOpacity(BackgroundColor, effectiveOpacity),
+                    Style = SKPaintStyle.Fill,
+                    IsAntialias = true
+                };
+
+                if (CornerRadius > 0)
+                {
+                    canvas.DrawRoundRect(bounds, CornerRadius, CornerRadius, backgroundPaint);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    canvas.DrawRect(bounds, backgroundPaint);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Draw border
+            if (BorderWidth > 0 && BorderColor.Alpha > 0)
+            {
+                using var borderPaint = new SKPaint
+                {
+                    Color = ApplyOpacity(BorderColor, effectiveOpacity),
+                    Style = SKPaintStyle.Stroke,
+                    StrokeWidth = BorderWidth,
+                    IsAntialias = true
+                };
+
+                if (CornerRadius > 0)
+                {
+                    canvas.DrawRoundRect(bounds, CornerRadius, CornerRadius, borderPaint);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    canvas.DrawRect(bounds, borderPaint);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Overlay/TextElement.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+using SkiaSharp;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Text overlay element
+    /// </summary>
+    public class TextElement : OverlayElement
+    {
+        public string Text { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+        public SKColor TextColor { get; set; } = SKColors.White;
+        public float FontSize { get; set; } = 16;
+        public string FontFamily { get; set; } = "Arial";
+        public SKFontStyle FontStyle { get; set; } = SKFontStyle.Normal;
+        public SKTextAlign TextAlign { get; set; } = SKTextAlign.Left;
+        public bool IsAntialias { get; set; } = true;
+
+        // Shadow properties
+        public bool HasShadow { get; set; } = false;
+        public SKColor ShadowColor { get; set; } = SKColors.Black;
+        public float ShadowOffsetX { get; set; } = 1;
+        public float ShadowOffsetY { get; set; } = 1;
+        public float ShadowBlur { get; set; } = 0;
+
+        public TextElement()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public TextElement(float x, float y, string text, float fontSize = 16, SKColor? color = null)
+        {
+            X = x;
+            Y = y;
+            Text = text;
+            FontSize = fontSize;
+            TextColor = color ?? SKColors.White;
+            
+            // Auto-calculate width and height based on text
+            UpdateDimensions();
+        }
+
+        public override void Render(SKCanvas canvas, float globalOpacity = 1.0f)
+        {
+            if (!IsVisible || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
+                return;
+
+            float effectiveOpacity = Opacity * globalOpacity;
+
+            using var typeface = SKTypeface.FromFamilyName(FontFamily, FontStyle);
+            using var paint = new SKPaint
+            {
+                Color = ApplyOpacity(TextColor, effectiveOpacity),
+                TextSize = FontSize,
+                Typeface = typeface,
+                TextAlign = TextAlign,
+                IsAntialias = IsAntialias
+            };
+
+            float textX = X;
+            float textY = Y + FontSize; // Baseline adjustment
+
+            // Adjust X position based on alignment
+            if (TextAlign == SKTextAlign.Center)
+            {
+                textX += Width / 2;
+            }
+            else if (TextAlign == SKTextAlign.Right)
+            {
+                textX += Width;
+            }
+
+            // Draw shadow if enabled
+            if (HasShadow)
+            {
+                using var shadowPaint = new SKPaint
+                {
+                    Color = ApplyOpacity(ShadowColor, effectiveOpacity),
+                    TextSize = FontSize,
+                    Typeface = typeface,
+                    TextAlign = TextAlign,
+                    IsAntialias = IsAntialias
+                };
+
+                if (ShadowBlur > 0)
+                {
+                    shadowPaint.MaskFilter = SKMaskFilter.CreateBlur(SKBlurStyle.Normal, ShadowBlur);
+                }
+
+                canvas.DrawText(Text, textX + ShadowOffsetX, textY + ShadowOffsetY, shadowPaint);
+            }
+
+            // Draw main text
+            canvas.DrawText(Text, textX, textY, paint);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Update width and height based on current text and font settings
+        /// </summary>
+        public void UpdateDimensions()
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
+            {
+                Width = 0;
+                Height = 0;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            using var typeface = SKTypeface.FromFamilyName(FontFamily, FontStyle);
+            using var paint = new SKPaint
+            {
+                TextSize = FontSize,
+                Typeface = typeface
+            };
+
+            var bounds = new SKRect();
+            paint.MeasureText(Text, ref bounds);
+            
+            Width = bounds.Width;
+            Height = FontSize; // Use font size as height for consistency
+        }
+    }
+} 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj

@@ -14,4 +14,8 @@
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader\Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="SkiaSharp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
 </Project>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Window.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Overlay;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture;
 using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
+using SkiaSharp;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
@@ -15,6 +19,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
     public class Window
     {
         private readonly GpuContext _context;
+        private readonly OverlayManager _overlayManager;
+        private DateTime _lastUpdateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Texture presented on the window.
@@ -98,8 +104,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         public Window(GpuContext context)
         {
             _context = context;
+            _overlayManager = new OverlayManager();
 
             _frameQueue = new ConcurrentQueue<PresentationTexture>();
+
+            // Initialize controller overlay
+            InitializeControllerOverlay();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -207,6 +217,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
 
                 texture.SynchronizeMemory();
 
+                // Add overlays by modifying texture data directly
+                AddOverlaysToTexture(texture);
+
                 ImageCrop crop = new(
                     (int)(pt.Crop.Left * texture.ScaleFactor),
                     (int)MathF.Ceiling(pt.Crop.Right * texture.ScaleFactor),
@@ -244,6 +257,88 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initialize controller overlay
+        /// </summary>
+        private void InitializeControllerOverlay()
+        {
+            var controllerOverlay = new ControllerOverlay();
+            _overlayManager.AddOverlay(controllerOverlay);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Add overlays to the texture using SkiaSharp
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="texture">The texture to modify</param>
+        private void AddOverlaysToTexture(Image.Texture texture)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                // Calculate delta time for lifespan updates
+                DateTime currentTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
+                float deltaTime = (float)(currentTime - _lastUpdateTime).TotalSeconds;
+                _lastUpdateTime = currentTime;
+
+                // Update overlay animations
+                _overlayManager.Update(deltaTime, new SKSize(texture.Info.Width, texture.Info.Height));
+
+                // Get texture data from host texture
+                using var pinnedData = texture.HostTexture.GetData();
+                var data = pinnedData.Get().ToArray();
+                if (data == null || data.Length == 0)
+                    return;
+
+                int width = texture.Info.Width;
+                int height = texture.Info.Height;
+                int bytesPerPixel = texture.Info.FormatInfo.BytesPerPixel;
+
+                // Determine the SKColorType based on bytes per pixel
+                SKColorType colorType = bytesPerPixel switch
+                {
+                    4 => SKColorType.Rgba8888,
+                    3 => SKColorType.Rgb888x,
+                    2 => SKColorType.Rgb565,
+                    _ => SKColorType.Rgba8888
+                };
+
+                // Create SKBitmap from texture data
+                var imageInfo = new SKImageInfo(width, height, colorType, SKAlphaType.Premul);
+                using var bitmap = new SKBitmap(imageInfo);
+                
+                // Copy texture data to bitmap
+                unsafe
+                {
+                    fixed (byte* dataPtr = data)
+                    {
+                        bitmap.SetPixels((IntPtr)dataPtr);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Create canvas for drawing overlays
+                using var canvas = new SKCanvas(bitmap);
+                
+                // Render all overlays
+                _overlayManager.Render(canvas);
+
+                // Copy modified bitmap data back to texture data array
+                var pixels = bitmap.Bytes;
+                if (pixels.Length <= data.Length)
+                {
+                    Array.Copy(pixels, data, pixels.Length);
+                }
+
+                // Upload modified data back to texture
+                var memoryOwner = MemoryOwner<byte>.Rent(data.Length);
+                data.CopyTo(memoryOwner.Span);
+                texture.HostTexture.SetData(memoryOwner); // SetData will dispose the MemoryOwner
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                // Silently fail if overlay rendering doesn't work
+                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine($"Overlay rendering failed: {ex.Message}");
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Indicate that a frame on the queue is ready to be acquired.
         /// </summary>
@@ -267,5 +362,32 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
 
             return false;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Show controller overlay with the provided input configurations
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="inputConfigs">List of input configurations to display</param>
+        /// <param name="durationSeconds">Duration to show the overlay in seconds</param>
+        public void ShowControllerBindings(List<Common.Configuration.Hid.InputConfig> inputConfigs, int durationSeconds = 3)
+        {
+            var controllerOverlay = _overlayManager.FindOverlay("ControllerOverlay") as ControllerOverlay;
+            controllerOverlay?.ShowControllerBindings(inputConfigs, durationSeconds);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get the overlay manager for external access
+        /// </summary>
+        public OverlayManager GetOverlayManager()
+        {
+            return _overlayManager;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Dispose resources
+        /// </summary>
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _overlayManager?.Dispose();
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx/Systems/AppHost.cs

@@ -1480,22 +1480,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Systems
 
         private void ShowControllerOverlay(List<InputConfig> inputConfigs)
         {
-            Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
+            try
             {
-                try
+                // Show overlay through the GPU context window directly
+                if (Device?.Gpu?.Window != null)
                 {
-                    // Access the overlay through the MainWindow via the ViewModel
-                    if (_viewModel?.Window?.ControllerOverlay != null)
-                    {
-                        int duration = ConfigurationState.Instance.ControllerOverlayInputCycleDuration.Value;
-                        _viewModel.Window.ControllerOverlay.ShowControllerBindings(inputConfigs, duration);
-                    }
+                    int duration = ConfigurationState.Instance.ControllerOverlayInputCycleDuration.Value;
+                    Device.Gpu.Window.ShowControllerBindings(inputConfigs, duration);
                 }
-                catch (Exception ex)
+                else
                 {
-                    Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Failed to show controller overlay: {ex.Message}");
+                    Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, "AppHost: Cannot show overlay - Device.Gpu.Window is null");
                 }
-            });
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Failed to show controller overlay: {ex.Message}");
+            }
         }
 
         private KeyboardHotkeyState GetHotkeyState()

src/Ryujinx/UI/ViewModels/MainWindowViewModel.cs

@@ -1703,11 +1703,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                     ? ConfigurationState.InstanceExtra.Hid.InputConfig.Value
                     : ConfigurationState.Instance.Hid.InputConfig.Value;
 
-                // Only show overlay if there are actual controller configurations for players 1-4
-                if (inputConfigs?.Any(c => c.PlayerIndex <= PlayerIndex.Player4) == true)
+                // Debug: Log what we're getting
+                Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.UI, $"MainWindowViewModel: Found {inputConfigs?.Count ?? 0} input configs");
+                if (inputConfigs != null)
                 {
-                    int duration = ConfigurationState.Instance.ControllerOverlayGameStartDuration.Value;
-                    Window.ControllerOverlay.ShowControllerBindings(inputConfigs, duration);
+                    foreach (var config in inputConfigs)
+                    {
+                        Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.UI, $"  Config: Player {config.PlayerIndex}, Backend {config.Backend}, Name '{config.Name}', Type {config.ControllerType}");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Always show overlay - if no configs, it will show test data
+                int duration = ConfigurationState.Instance.ControllerOverlayGameStartDuration.Value;
+                // Show overlay through the GPU context window directly
+                if (AppHost?.Device?.Gpu?.Window != null)
+                {
+                    AppHost.Device.Gpu.Window.ShowControllerBindings(inputConfigs, duration);
                 }
             }
             catch (Exception ex)

src/Ryujinx/UI/Windows/MainWindow.axaml

@@ -180,9 +180,6 @@
                 Grid.Row="2" />
         </Grid>
         
-        <!-- Controller Overlay -->
-        <overlayControls:ControllerOverlay
-            Name="ControllerOverlay"
-            ZIndex="2000" />
+
     </Grid>
 </window:StyleableAppWindow>